Prime Minister of Great Britain

The President of Great Britain is the head of state, head of government of Great Britain and the commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces (only Parliament can declare war or, except in certain emergencies, could sanction Britain's participation in armed conflicts) under the Constitution of Great Britain. The prime minister is ex officio also First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. First Lord of the Treasury was abolished in the process of creating the President of Great Britain

Under the Constitution of Britain, the President is nominated by a simple majority of the voting members of the House of Commons.

If the President loses the support of a majority in the House of Commons, they are not automatically removed from office. Instead, he/she must resign or to pass a bill to dissolve the House of Commons. If the bill is rejected by the House of Commons, this effectively forces the President to resign. The President may lose the support of House of Commons by the passage of a vote of no confidence. In the event of the President's resignation, they will continue to exercise the duties and functions of office until the appointment of a successor.

The Prime Minister MP's from the ruling party to form a cabinet which is nominated by a simple majority of the voting members of the House of Commons. The Prime Minister can dismiss cabinet ministers from office at any time for any reason. The Prime Minister is further responsible for appointing members of the Cabinet.

The Prime Minister's Office is the government department which supports and advises the Prime Minister in carrying out their various duties.

The State of the Nation Address is an annual event in Great Britain, in which the President reports on the status of the nation, normally to the resumption of a sitting in the House of Commons. The speech marks the opening of the parliamentary year and is usually attended by important political and governmental figures of Great Britain, including former Presidents, the Lord Chancellor and other members of the judiciary, the Governor of the English Bank, and Ambassadors and Diplomats to the Republic. The address is also preceded by the entrance of members of parliament, officials, celebrities and guests into the chamber on a red carpet, which is typically broadcast on television.

Eligibility
To run for Prime Minister, he/she must be a citizen of Great Britain who is at least 35 years old and has "permanently resided" in Britain for at least 10 years. They also must have done a job for 5 years (voluntary or not)

Inauguration
The inauguration is a ceremony to mark the start of the term of the President and is carried a day after the end of the presidential election. The President arrives at Buckingham Palace, London, England by car and they review a detachment of the Republican Guard in the courtyard before getting greeted on the steps by their predecessor. The 2 then share a conversation in one of the rooms of Buckingham Palace, initiating the handover, including the communication access codes of the British nuclear arsenal, which constitute an exclusive prerogative of the President. The new head of state then accompanies the outgoing president to the courtyard where they leave the President for good, honoured by a salute from the Republican Guard. This part of the inauguration does not take place where the incumbent president has been re-elected

The Prime Minister-elect then returns for the inauguration ceremony itself (which is always held at the ballroom of Buckingham Palace), accompanied by the President and the Head of the House of Windsor, while the chamber orchestra of the Republican Guard plays a solemn march chosen by the newly elected President. The actual inauguration takes place when the President of the Supreme Court announces the official results of the general election. It is this announcement officially transfers powers to the new President and marks the precise commencement of the new presidential mandate. The new head of state then signs the minutes of investiture. The elected President takes the following oath of office by placing his right hand on the Constitution and recites the presidential oath, which is as specified:

"I solemnly swear that I will dedicate all my strength and the best of my ability for the spiritual and material welfare of the British people, to abide by the Constitution and laws of the country, to defend democracy, the fundamental rights and freedoms of my fellow-citizens, Britain's sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity".

Members of Parliament do not make any oath.

The President then delivers their inaugural address, and invited guests are presented one by one by the Chief of Protocol. After the ceremony, the President heads to the terrace of the park of Buckingham Palace, accompanied by the Vice-President and the Head of the House of Windsor, to receive military honours by the Republican Guard and to render homage to the British flag while the British National Anthem ("I Vow Thee To My Country") plays. The new President then reviews the troops assembled at the palace. Simultaneously, a 21-gun salute is fired to mark the President's inauguration (the salute can begin either after the announcement of the results, or during the military honours). The blanks are fired once every 8 seconds.

Responsibilities

 * 1) The President shall be responsible for the observance of the provisions of this Constitution by the executive and shall as head of state defend and uphold the Constitution as the supreme law of the land.
 * 2) The President shall with dignity provide executive leadership in the interest of national unity in accordance with this Constitution and the law of Great Britain.
 * 3) The President shall not hold any other public office and shall not perform remunerative work outside the duties of his or her office.

Role, Duties and Powers
The President is responsible for
 * 1) To assent to, sign and promulgate Bills duly passed by Parliament
 * 2) In the event of a procedural shortcoming in the legislative process, to refer a Bill passed by Parliament back for further consideration by Parliament
 * 3) To convene meetings of the Cabinet
 * 4) To refer disputes of a constitutional nature between parties represented in Parliament or between organs of state at any level of government to the Supreme Court or other appropriate institution, commission or body for resolution
 * 5) To confer honours
 * 6) To appoint, accredit, receive and recognise ambassadors, plenipotentiaries, diplomatic representatives and other diplomatic officers, consuls and consular officers
 * 7) To appoint commissions of enquiry
 * 8) To make such appointments as may be necessary under powers conferred upon him or her by this Constitution or any other law
 * 9) To negotiate and sign international agreements
 * 10) To proclaim referenda and plebiscites in terms of this Constitution or an Act of Parliament
 * 11) To pardon or reprieve offenders, either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as he or she may deem fit, and to remit any fines, penalties or forfeitures.
 * 12) With the approval of Parliament, declare a state of national defence
 * 13) Confer upon members of the British Armed Forces permanent commissions and cancel such commissions.
 * 14) Decisions of the President taken in terms of section 82 shall be expressed in writing under his or her signature.
 * 15) Any instrument signed by the President in the exercise or performance of a power or function shall be countersigned by a Minister.
 * 16) The signature of the President on any instrument shall be confirmed by the seal of the Republic.

Leader's Question
Leader's Question is a constitutional convention, currently held as a single session every Wednesday at 5pm when the House of Commons is sitting, during which the Preisdent answers questions from Members of Parliament (MPs). Leader's Question begins with a minute's "attunement" - 60 seconds of total silence for the delegates to calm down, collect their thoughts and prepare for the cut and thrust of debate.

In order to facilitate improved scrutiny and discussion one of the sessions each month is extended to 45 minutes or an hour, on a trial basis, focused on just a few topical areas. Leader's Question could follow the Education Select Committee’s lead and solicit public questions from Twitter, in January 2012 the Education Select Committee, crowd sourced questions to the Secretary of State via Twitter using the #AskGove hashtag. The Committee received over 5,000 tweets most of which were genuine questions on substantive education policy issues. Committee staff grouped questions by subject and in the first half of the session Members asked questions, informed by the tweets, on a range of themes. In the second half of the session, the Secretary of State ‘was asked rapid-fire questions, including many direct from the public, with Members selecting the tweets from the subject groups or from the full list of questions received. 52 Clips of the minister’s responses were subsequently tweeted back to the questioners many of whom then re-tweeted them to their followers. The Backbench Business Committee selects the questions for Leader's Question.

There needs to be much clearer and stronger rules on conduct and behaviour, linked to the Members’ Code of Conduct. Current penalties are quite inflexible in that they require a Member to be removed from the House for a minimum of the rest of the day. This could be considered a disproportionate penalty for shouting in the chamber. What is needed is a ‘sin-bin’ approach that would allow the Speaker to name a Member for disorderly conduct and require them to remove themselves from the chamber for the remainder of Leader's Question. In order to be effective and to protect the independence and reputation of the Speaker there needs to be cross-party agreement on the range of penalties and the circumstances in which it would be reasonable to apply them.

Impeachment
A President can be impeached if he's wilfully violating the Constitution, national laws, abused his power or committed ‘high crime or treason’, the HoC can submit an impeachment and if a super-majority agrees an impeachment trial commences, the High Court of Justice must then decide to declare the impeachment or not. If it's successful then the Prime Minister is ousted, to either be replaced by the Deputy Prime Minister or a fresh snap election is called. This is the same if the Prime Minister resigns, dies or is incapacitated.

19th century
Prime Ministers during the 19th century were Prime Minister of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland, following the Act of Union 1800 (which merged the Kingdom of Ireland with the Kingdom of Great Britain, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, as of 1 January 1801). 

20th century Prime Ministers
There was no change in the jurisdiction of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (and hence the area the President was President of) until 1922, when following the Anglo-Irish War, 26 counties in Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom, forming the Irish Free State. The official name of the United Kingdom became the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

21st century

 * Due to accusations of misleading Parliament, Operation Shader, mishandling of EU negotiations, failure to deliver on promises, Apartheid protests and low approval ratings resulted in pressure building up within the Conservative Party for Blair to resign. Over the summer of 2013 many MPs, including usually supportive MPs, criticised Blair for not calling for a ceasefire in the War in Darfur. Blair announced his intentions to resign and Conservative Party leader and Prime Minister in the process.
 * David Cameron resigned following the Brexit referendum result on the account of his own advocacy on behalf of remaining in the EU, "I do not think it would be right for me to try to be the captain that steers our country to its next destination."
 * Boris Johnson did not contest the 2023 election due to 'family, personal and health reasons'.

Key
1Resigned after losing a vote of no confidence

2Dismissed by the monarch.

3Resigned

4Lost the election

5Served for 2 terms

†Died in office

* Age by the time started their reign